run – English verb conjugation

English verb forms of run

Nominal Forms

Infinitive: to run sb in
Participle: run sb in
Gerund: running sb in

Cognates

-

Indicative

Present

Irun sb in
yourun sb in
he;she;itruns sb in
werun sb in
yourun sb in
theyrun sb in

Perfect

Ihave run sb in
youhave run sb in
he;she;ithas run sb in
wehave run sb in
youhave run sb in
theyhave run sb in

Past

Iran sb in
youran sb in
he;she;itran sb in
weran sb in
youran sb in
theyran sb in

Pluperfect

Ihad run sb in
youhad run sb in
he;she;ithad run sb in
wehad run sb in
youhad run sb in
theyhad run sb in

Future

Iwill run sb in
youwill run sb in
he;she;itwill run sb in
wewill run sb in
youwill run sb in
theywill run sb in

Future Perfect

Iwill have run sb in
youwill have run sb in
he;she;itwill have run sb in
wewill have run sb in
youwill have run sb in
theywill have run sb in

Subjunctive

Present

Irun sb in
yourun sb in
he;she;itrun sb in
werun sb in
yourun sb in
theyrun sb in

Perfect

Ihave run sb in
youhave run sb in
he;she;ithave run sb in
wehave run sb in
youhave run sb in
theyhave run sb in

Imperfect

Iran sb in
youran sb in
he;she;itran sb in
weran sb in
youran sb in
theyran sb in

Pluperfect

Ihad run sb in
youhad run sb in
he;she;ithad run sb in
wehad run sb in
youhad run sb in
theyhad run sb in

Conditional

Present

Iwould run sb in
youwould run sb in
he;she;itwould run sb in
wewould run sb in
youwould run sb in
theywould run sb in

Perfect

Iwould have run sb in
youwould have run sb in
he;she;itwould have run sb in
wewould have run sb in
youwould have run sb in
theywould have run sb in

Imperative

yourun sb in
weLet's run sb in
yourun sb in

Progressive (Continuous) Forms

Indicative

Present

Iam running sb in
youare running sb in
he;she;itis running sb in
weare running sb in
youare running sb in
theyare running sb in

Perfect

Ihave been running sb in
youhave been running sb in
he;she;ithas been running sb in
wehave been running sb in
youhave been running sb in
theyhave been running sb in

Past

Iwas running sb in
youwere running sb in
he;she;itwas running sb in
wewere running sb in
youwere running sb in
theywere running sb in

Pluperfect

Ihad been running sb in
youhad been running sb in
he;she;ithad been running sb in
wehad been running sb in
youhad been running sb in
theyhad been running sb in

Future

Iwill be running sb in
youwill be running sb in
he;she;itwill be running sb in
wewill be running sb in
youwill be running sb in
theywill be running sb in

Future Perfect

Iwill have been running sb in
youwill have been running sb in
he;she;itwill have been running sb in
wewill have been running sb in
youwill have been running sb in
theywill have been running sb in

Conditional

Present

Iwould be running sb in
youwould be running sb in
he;she;itwould be running sb in
wewould be running sb in
youwould be running sb in
theywould be running sb in

Perfect

Iwould have been running sb in
youwould have been running sb in
he;she;itwould have been running sb in
wewould have been running sb in
youwould have been running sb in
theywould have been running sb in

Other

Verbs conjugated like 'run'

forerun, outrun, overrun, run,

Verbs similar to 'run'

bun, cun, dun, fun, gun, pun, ren, roun, rub, rud,

Synonyms & Antonyms

Synonyms

of a horse
gallop
hurry
hasten, rush, dash, flee, speed, race, scurry, scramble

Antonyms

hurry
slow, impede, stall, dawdle

Additional Information

Cf. Old English strong verb irnan, iernan (eornan) .

Phrasal Verbs

Etymology

1. the modern verb is a merger of two related O.E. words. The first is rinnan, irnan (strong, intransitive, pt. ran, pp. runnen), from P.Gmc. *renwanan (cf. M.Du. runnen, O.S., O.H.G., Goth. rinnan, Ger. rinnen "to flow, run"), from PIE base *ren- "to run." The sense of "cause to run" is from O.E. ærnan, earnan (weak, transitive, probably a metathesis of *rennan), from P.Gmc. *rannjanan, causative of the root *ren- "run." Of streams, etc., from c.1205; of machinery, from 1562. Meaning "to be in charge of" is first attested 1861, originally Amer.Eng. Meaning "to seek office in an election" is from 1826, Amer.Eng. Phrase run for it "take flight" is attested from 1642. Most figurative uses are from horseracing or hunting (cf to run (something) into the ground, 1836, Amer.Eng.), except (to feel) run down (1901) which is from clocks (in the lit. sense, 1761). To run across "meet" is attested from 1880. To run short "exhaust one's supply" is from 1752; to run out of in the same sense is from 1713.
2. From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen,
3. yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”).
4. Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), archaic Dutch rinnen (“to flow”, still in geronnen), German rinnen (“to flow”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), and Icelandic renna (“to flow”). From the causative Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to make run”) are Dutch rennen, German rennen, Danish rende, Swedish ränna (all “to run”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”), Persian راندن (rândan, “to move, set in motion”). See also random. See: Old English 'rinnan', Proto-Germanic '*rinnaną', Scots 'rin', Dutch 'rinnen', German, old spelling 'rinnen', Swedish 'rinna', Icelandic 'renna', Dutch 'rennen', German, old spelling 'rennen', Danish 'rende', Swedish 'ränna'.

Verbs referencing "run"

German, old spelling rennen, Luxembourgish rennen, Danish rinde, Sranan lon, Bavarian renna, Dutch runnen, Sanskrit ऋणोति, Sanskrit रिणाति.

Sample Sentences

  • [...] state of things, the ship rights. Before one can say ‘Thank Heaven ! ’ she wrongs again. Before one can cry she is wrong, she seems to have started forward, and to be a creature actually running of its own accord, with broken knees and failing legs, through every variety of hole and pitfall, and stumbling constantly. Before one can so much as wonder, she takes a high leap into the air. [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] didn't want her baby; and she was one of your real high sort, when her blood was up. I tell you, she squeezed up her child in her arms, and talked, and went on real awful. It kinder makes my blood run cold to think of ’ t; and when they carried off the child, and locked her up, she jest went ravin ’ mad, and died in a week. Clear waste, sir, of a thousand dollars, just for want of [...] (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
  • [...] up ’ on deck at noon, I never saw. Ocean and sky were all of one dull, heavy, uniform, lead colour. There was no extent of prospect even over the dreary waste that lay around us, for the sea ran high, and the horizon encompassed us like a large black hoop. Viewed from the air, or some tall bluff on shore, it would have been imposing and stupendous, no doubt; but seen from the wet and [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • Divided between our rubber and such topics as these, we were running (as we thought ) into Halifax Harbour, on the fifteenth night, with little wind and a bright moon—indeed, we had made the Light at its outer entrance, and put the pilot in charge—when suddenly the [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] in this same boat: for the general good, of course: not by any means because they thought the ship in an unsafe position, or contemplated the possibility of her heeling over in case the tide were running out. Nor was it less amusing to remark how desperately unpopular the poor pilot became in one short minute. He had had his passage out from Liverpool, and during the whole voyage had been quite a [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] with light patches of snow; white wooden houses; people at their doors; telegraphs working; flags hoisted; wharfs appearing; ships; quays crowded with people; distant noises; shouts; men and boys running down steep places towards the pier: all more bright and gay and fresh to our unused eyes than words can paint them. We came to a wharf, paved with uplifted faces; got alongside, and were made fast, [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] point being commanded by a strong fortress, not yet quite finished. Several streets of good breadth and appearance extend from its summit to the water-side, and are intersected by cross streets running parallel with the river. The houses are chiefly of wood. The market is abundantly supplied; and provisions are exceedingly cheap. The weather being unusually mild at that time for the season of [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] I asked him to stop, as pleasant as I could,—he just kept right on. I begged him again, and then he turned on me, and began striking me. I held his hand, and then he screamed and kicked and ran to his father, and told him that I was fighting him. He came in a rage, and said he'd teach me who was my master; and he tied me to a tree, and cut switches for young master, and told him that he [...] (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
  • ‘The mother stood some time, gazing with overflowing eyes upon her unfortunate child, who, all unconscious of her presence, was playing about the room. Presently Laura ran against her, and at once began feeling her hands, examining her dress, and trying to find out if she knew her; but not succeeding in this, she turned away as from a stranger, and the poor woman [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • The chorus of one of them, which ran as follows, was sung with great energy and unction: (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
  • - Skip, would you mind running it quickly ? - Yeah, um... [ clears throat ] (A Sprinkle of Christmas)
  • I ran away. From what? From love. And from the honour of a friend. My dear doctor, (Il morso del ramarro)
  • Every safe house, I have a backup plan. We'll get that scow running. (Star Trek: Section 31)
  • Hey, Ravi, finish him... You 're caught now, idiot. Where are you running ? Drag this idiot. (#AAY)