run – English verb conjugation

Nominal Forms

Infinitive: to run across sb
Participle: run across sb
Gerund: running across sb

Cognates

-

Indicative

Present

I	run across sb
you	run across sb
he;she;it	runs across sb
we	run across sb
you	run across sb
they	run across sb

Perfect

I	have run across sb
you	have run across sb
he;she;it	has run across sb
we	have run across sb
you	have run across sb
they	have run across sb

Past

I	ran across sb
you	ran across sb
he;she;it	ran across sb
we	ran across sb
you	ran across sb
they	ran across sb

Pluperfect

I	had run across sb
you	had run across sb
he;she;it	had run across sb
we	had run across sb
you	had run across sb
they	had run across sb

Future

I	will run across sb
you	will run across sb
he;she;it	will run across sb
we	will run across sb
you	will run across sb
they	will run across sb

Future Perfect

I	will have run across sb
you	will have run across sb
he;she;it	will have run across sb
we	will have run across sb
you	will have run across sb
they	will have run across sb

Subjunctive

Present

I	run across sb
you	run across sb
he;she;it	run across sb
we	run across sb
you	run across sb
they	run across sb

Perfect

I	have run across sb
you	have run across sb
he;she;it	have run across sb
we	have run across sb
you	have run across sb
they	have run across sb

Imperfect

I	ran across sb
you	ran across sb
he;she;it	ran across sb
we	ran across sb
you	ran across sb
they	ran across sb

Pluperfect

I	had run across sb
you	had run across sb
he;she;it	had run across sb
we	had run across sb
you	had run across sb
they	had run across sb

Conditional

Present

I	would run across sb
you	would run across sb
he;she;it	would run across sb
we	would run across sb
you	would run across sb
they	would run across sb

Perfect

I	would have run across sb
you	would have run across sb
he;she;it	would have run across sb
we	would have run across sb
you	would have run across sb
they	would have run across sb

Imperative

you	run across sb
we	Let's run across sb
you	run across sb

Indicative

Present

I	am running across sb
you	are running across sb
he;she;it	is running across sb
we	are running across sb
you	are running across sb
they	are running across sb

Perfect

I	have been running across sb
you	have been running across sb
he;she;it	has been running across sb
we	have been running across sb
you	have been running across sb
they	have been running across sb

Past

I	was running across sb
you	were running across sb
he;she;it	was running across sb
we	were running across sb
you	were running across sb
they	were running across sb

Pluperfect

I	had been running across sb
you	had been running across sb
he;she;it	had been running across sb
we	had been running across sb
you	had been running across sb
they	had been running across sb

Future

I	will be running across sb
you	will be running across sb
he;she;it	will be running across sb
we	will be running across sb
you	will be running across sb
they	will be running across sb

Future Perfect

I	will have been running across sb
you	will have been running across sb
he;she;it	will have been running across sb
we	will have been running across sb
you	will have been running across sb
they	will have been running across sb

Conditional

Present

I	would be running across sb
you	would be running across sb
he;she;it	would be running across sb
we	would be running across sb
you	would be running across sb
they	would be running across sb

Perfect

I	would have been running across sb
you	would have been running across sb
he;she;it	would have been running across sb
we	would have been running across sb
you	would have been running across sb
they	would have been running across sb

Verbs conjugated like 'run'

forerun, outrun, overrun, run,

Verbs similar to 'run'

bun, cun, dun, fun, gun, pun, ren, roun, rub, rud,

Synonyms & Antonyms

Synonyms

of a horse: gallop
hurry: hasten, rush, dash, flee, speed, race, scurry, scramble

Antonyms

hurry: slow, impede, stall, dawdle

Additional Information

Cf. Old English strong verb irnan, iernan (eornan) .

Phrasal Verbs

~ across somebody, ~ after something, ~ after somebody, ~ around with somebody, ~ around, ~ round, ~ around after somebody, ~ round after somebody, ~ away, ~ away with somebody, ~ away with something, ~ something by somebody, ~ somebody down, ~ down somebody, ~ down something, ~ something down, ~ down (something), ~ (something) down, ~ for something, ~ for it, ~ in somebody, ~ somebody in, ~ in something, ~ something in, ~ into somebody, ~ into something, ~ off, ~ somebody off (something), ~ something off (something), ~ off something, ~ something off, ~ off with somebody, ~ off with something, ~ on, ~ out, ~ out on somebody, ~ over something, ~ over somebody, ~ somebody over, ~ something over, ~ over, ~ through something, ~ through somebody, ~ somebody through, ~ to somebody, ~ to something, ~ up, ~ up something, ~ something up, ~ up against something,

Etymology

1. the modern verb is a merger of two related O.E. words. The first is rinnan, irnan (strong, intransitive, pt. ran, pp. runnen), from P.Gmc. *renwanan (cf. M.Du. runnen, O.S., O.H.G., Goth. rinnan, Ger. rinnen "to flow, run"), from PIE base *ren- "to run." The sense of "cause to run" is from O.E. ærnan, earnan (weak, transitive, probably a metathesis of *rennan), from P.Gmc. *rannjanan, causative of the root *ren- "run." Of streams, etc., from c.1205; of machinery, from 1562. Meaning "to be in charge of" is first attested 1861, originally Amer.Eng. Meaning "to seek office in an election" is from 1826, Amer.Eng. Phrase run for it "take flight" is attested from 1642. Most figurative uses are from horseracing or hunting (cf to run (something) into the ground, 1836, Amer.Eng.), except (to feel) run down (1901) which is from clocks (in the lit. sense, 1761). To run across "meet" is attested from 1880. To run short "exhaust one's supply" is from 1752; to run out of in the same sense is from 1713.
2. From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen,
3. yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”).
4. Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), archaic Dutch rinnen (“to flow”, still in geronnen), German rinnen (“to flow”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), and Icelandic renna (“to flow”). From the causative Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to make run”) are Dutch rennen, German rennen, Danish rende, Swedish ränna (all “to run”). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian rend (“to run, run after”), Persian راندن (rândan, “to move, set in motion”). See also random. See: Old English 'rinnan', Proto-Germanic '*rinnaną', Scots 'rin', Dutch 'rinnen', German, old spelling 'rinnen', Swedish 'rinna', Icelandic 'renna', Dutch 'rennen', German, old spelling 'rennen', Danish 'rende', Swedish 'ränna'.

Verbs referencing "run"

German, old spelling rennen, Luxembourgish rennen, Danish rinde, Sranan lon, Bavarian renna, Dutch runnen, Sanskrit ऋणोति, Sanskrit रिणाति.

Sample Sentences

[...] state of things, the ship rights. Before one can say ‘Thank Heaven ! ’ she wrongs again. Before one can cry she is wrong, she seems to have started forward, and to be a creature actually running of its own accord, with broken knees and failing legs, through every variety of hole and pitfall, and stumbling constantly. Before one can so much as wonder, she takes a high leap into the air. [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
[...] didn't want her baby; and she was one of your real high sort, when her blood was up. I tell you, she squeezed up her child in her arms, and talked, and went on real awful. It kinder makes my blood run cold to think of ’ t; and when they carried off the child, and locked her up, she jest went ravin ’ mad, and died in a week. Clear waste, sir, of a thousand dollars, just for want of [...] (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
[...] up ’ on deck at noon, I never saw. Ocean and sky were all of one dull, heavy, uniform, lead colour. There was no extent of prospect even over the dreary waste that lay around us, for the sea ran high, and the horizon encompassed us like a large black hoop. Viewed from the air, or some tall bluff on shore, it would have been imposing and stupendous, no doubt; but seen from the wet and [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
Divided between our rubber and such topics as these, we were running (as we thought ) into Halifax Harbour, on the fifteenth night, with little wind and a bright moon—indeed, we had made the Light at its outer entrance, and put the pilot in charge—when suddenly the [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
[...] in this same boat: for the general good, of course: not by any means because they thought the ship in an unsafe position, or contemplated the possibility of her heeling over in case the tide were running out. Nor was it less amusing to remark how desperately unpopular the poor pilot became in one short minute. He had had his passage out from Liverpool, and during the whole voyage had been quite a [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
[...] with light patches of snow; white wooden houses; people at their doors; telegraphs working; flags hoisted; wharfs appearing; ships; quays crowded with people; distant noises; shouts; men and boys running down steep places towards the pier: all more bright and gay and fresh to our unused eyes than words can paint them. We came to a wharf, paved with uplifted faces; got alongside, and were made fast, [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
[...] point being commanded by a strong fortress, not yet quite finished. Several streets of good breadth and appearance extend from its summit to the water-side, and are intersected by cross streets running parallel with the river. The houses are chiefly of wood. The market is abundantly supplied; and provisions are exceedingly cheap. The weather being unusually mild at that time for the season of [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
[...] I asked him to stop, as pleasant as I could,—he just kept right on. I begged him again, and then he turned on me, and began striking me. I held his hand, and then he screamed and kicked and ran to his father, and told him that I was fighting him. He came in a rage, and said he'd teach me who was my master; and he tied me to a tree, and cut switches for young master, and told him that he [...] (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
‘The mother stood some time, gazing with overflowing eyes upon her unfortunate child, who, all unconscious of her presence, was playing about the room. Presently Laura ran against her, and at once began feeling her hands, examining her dress, and trying to find out if she knew her; but not succeeding in this, she turned away as from a stranger, and the poor woman [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
The chorus of one of them, which ran as follows, was sung with great energy and unction: (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
- Skip, would you mind running it quickly ? - Yeah, um... [ clears throat ] (A Sprinkle of Christmas)
I ran away. From what? From love. And from the honour of a friend. My dear doctor, (Il morso del ramarro)
Every safe house, I have a backup plan. We'll get that scow running. (Star Trek: Section 31)
Hey, Ravi, finish him... You 're caught now, idiot. Where are you running ? Drag this idiot. (#AAY)

run – English verb conjugation

English verb forms of run

Nominal Forms

Cognates

Indicative

Present

Perfect

Past

Pluperfect

Future

Future Perfect

Subjunctive

Present

Perfect

Imperfect

Pluperfect

Conditional

Present

Perfect

Imperative

Progressive (Continuous) Forms

Indicative

Present

Perfect

Past

Pluperfect

Future

Future Perfect

Conditional

Present

Perfect

Other

Verbs conjugated like 'run'

Verbs similar to 'run'

Synonyms & Antonyms

Synonyms

Antonyms

Additional Information

Phrasal Verbs

Etymology

Verbs referencing "run"

Sample Sentences