werpaną – Proto-Germanic verb conjugation

Proto-Germanic verb forms of werpaną

Active Voice

Indicative Present

1st sing.werpō
2nd sing.wirpizi
3rd sing.wirpidi
1st dualwerpōz
2nd dualwerpadiz
1st plur.werpamaz
2nd plur.wirpid
3rd plur.werpandi

Indicative Past

1st sing.warp
2nd sing.warft
3rd sing.warp
1st dualwurpū
2nd dualwurpudiz
1st plur.wurpum
2nd plur.wurpud
3rd plur.wurpun

Subjunctive Present

1st sing.werpaų
2nd sing.werpaiz
3rd sing.werpai
1st dualwerpaiw
2nd dualwerpaidiz
1st plur.werpaim
2nd plur.werpaid
3rd plur.werpain

Subjunctive Past

1st sing.wurpį̄
2nd sing.wurpīz
3rd sing.wurpī
1st dualwurpīw
2nd dualwurpīdiz
1st plur.wurpīm
2nd plur.wurpīd
3rd plur.wurpīn

Imperative

2nd sing.werp
3rd sing.werpadau
2nd dualwerpadiz
2nd plur.wirpid
3rd plur.werpandau

Passive Voice

Indicative

1st sing.werpai
2nd sing.werpazai
3rd sing.werpadai
1st plur.werpandai
2nd plur.werpandai
3rd plur.werpandai

Subjunctive

2nd sing.werpaizau
3rd sing.werpaidau
1st plur.werpaindau
2nd plur.werpaindau
3rd plur.werpaindau

Participles

Presentwerpandz
Pastwurpanaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wergʷ- (“to bend, spin, warp”), with the *-p- in the Germanic form likely being the expected result after resonants in words beginning with a labial consonant (compare *fimf (“five”) and *wulfaz (“wolf”) for other Proto-Germanic terms with similar outcomes). Cognate with Ancient Greek ῥέμβω (rhémbō, “to turn in circles”) (whence ῥόμβος (rhómbos, “spinning top”), borrowed into English as rhombus), and possibly Proto-Slavic *vèrťi (“to throw, leap”) (though Kroonen is skeptical of the link to the Slavic).

Verbs referencing "werpaną"

English warp, German, old spelling werfen, Luxembourgish werfen, Middle High German werfen, Faroese verpa, Icelandic verpa, Old English weorpan, Dutch werpen, Middle English werpen, Old French guerpir, French déguerpir, Proto-Slavic verťi, Old High German werfan, Danish verfe, Danish værpe, Swedish värpa.

Cognates

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