Active Voice
Present
| 1st sing. | h₁ésmi |
| 2nd sing. | h₁ési |
| 3rd sing. | h₁ésti |
| 1st dual | h₁swós |
| 2nd dual | h₁stés |
| 3rd dual | h₁stés |
| 1st plur. | h₁smós |
| 2nd plur. | h₁sté |
| 3rd plur. | h₁sénti |
Past
Imperative
| 1st sing. | h₁ésm̥ |
| 2nd sing. | h₁és |
| 3rd sing. | h₁ést |
| 1st dual | h₁swé |
| 2nd dual | h₁stóm |
| 3rd dual | h₁stā́m |
| 1st plur. | h₁smé |
| 2nd plur. | h₁sté |
| 3rd plur. | h₁sént |
Subjunctive
| 2nd sing. | h₁és; h₁sdʰí |
| 3rd sing. | h₁éstu |
| 2nd dual | h₁stóm |
| 3rd dual | h₁stā́m |
| 2nd plur. | h₁sté |
| 3rd plur. | h₁séntu |
Optative
| 1st sing. | h₁ésoh₂ |
| 2nd sing. | h₁ésesi |
| 3rd sing. | h₁éseti |
| 1st dual | h₁ésowos |
| 2nd dual | h₁ésetes |
| 3rd dual | h₁ésetes |
| 1st plur. | h₁ésomos |
| 2nd plur. | h₁ésete |
| 3rd plur. | h₁ésonti |
Participle
h₁sónts
Middle Voice
Present
Past
Imperative
Subjunctive
Optative
Participle
Etymology
Athematic root present of *h₁es- (“to be”).
Verbs referencing "h₁ésti"
English
be, English
is, Latin
sum, Russian
быть, Esperanto
esti, Old Church Slavonic
бꙑти, Old Norse
vesa, Norwegian
absentere, Proto-Slavic
byti, Proto-Italic
ezom.