Infinitive
malesperi
Forms
Tenses
| Present | malesperas |
| Past | malesperis |
| Future | malesperos |
| Conditional | malesperus |
| Imperative | malesperu! |
Participles
| Active past | malesperinta |
| Active present | malesperanta |
| Active future | malesperonta |
| Passive past | malesperita |
| Passive present | malesperta |
| Passive future | malesperota |
Etymology
1. Etymology tree
2. Esperanto mal-
3. Proto-Indo-European *speh₁-
4. Proto-Indo-European *-s
5. Proto-Indo-European *spéh₁s
6. Proto-Italic *spēs
7. Old Latin spēs
8. Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
9. Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
10. Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
11. Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
12. Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.
13. Proto-Italic *-ājō
14. Proto-Italic *-āō
15. Old Latin -ō
16. Old Latin *spēsō
17. Latin spērāre
18. Old French esperer
19. Middle French esperer
20. French espérerbor.
21. Italian sperarebor.
22. ▲
23. Latin sperō
24. Old Spanish esperar
25. Spanish esperarbor.
26. ▲
27. Latin spērāre
28. Old Galician-Portuguese asperar
29. Portuguese esperarbor.
30. ▲
31. Latin spērāre
32. Old Occitan esperar
33. Occitan esperarbor.
34. ▲
35. Latin spērāre
36. Catalan esperarbor.
37. Esperanto esperi
38. Esperanto malesperi
39. From mal- (oppositional prefix) + esperi (“to hope”).
Sample Sentences
-
Ĉar ami mi jam tute malesperis
-
Ĉar kredi vin ne povas koro. (Because I have already despaired to love
-
Because my heart cannot believe you.) [1903, A. Naumann, “Mi amis vin”, in Fundamenta Krestomatio:]
Translations
despair, to be hopeless