Verbal Noun: bos
Past Participle:
Present Participle: ow pos
Indicative
Present
| Sg.1 | ov |
| Sg.2 | os |
| Sg.3m | yw |
| Sg.3f | yw |
| Pl.1 | on |
| Pl.2 | owgh |
| Pl.3 | yns |
| Impersonal | or |
Present, Long Form, Indefinite)
| Sg.1 | esov |
| Sg.2 | esos |
| Sg.3m | eus |
| Sg.3f | eus |
| Pl.1 | eson |
| Pl.2 | esowgh |
| Pl.3 | esons |
| Impersonal | eder |
Present, Long Form, Definite)
| Sg.1 | esov |
| Sg.2 | esos |
| Sg.3m | usi |
| Sg.3f | usi |
| Pl.1 | eson |
| Pl.2 | esowgh |
| Pl.3 | esons |
| Impersonal | eder |
Present, Long Form, Affirmative)
| Sg.1 | esov |
| Sg.2 | esos |
| Sg.3m | yma |
| Sg.3f | yma |
| Pl.1 | eson |
| Pl.2 | esowgh |
| Pl.3 | ymons |
| Impersonal | eder |
Imperfect, Long Form
| Sg.1 | esen |
| Sg.2 | eses |
| Sg.3m | esa |
| Sg.3f | esa |
| Pl.1 | esen |
| Pl.2 | esewgh |
| Pl.3 | esens |
| Impersonal | eses |
Preterite
| Sg.1 | beuv |
| Sg.2 | beus |
| Sg.3m | beu |
| Sg.3f | beu |
| Pl.1 | beun |
| Pl.2 | bewgh |
| Pl.3 | bons |
| Impersonal | beus |
Imperfect
| Sg.1 | en |
| Sg.2 | es |
| Sg.3m | o |
| Sg.3f | o |
| Pl.1 | en |
| Pl.2 | ewgh |
| Pl.3 | ens |
| Impersonal | os |
Pluperfect
| Sg.1 | bien |
| Sg.2 | bies |
| Sg.3m | bia |
| Sg.3f | bia |
| Pl.1 | bien |
| Pl.2 | biewgh |
| Pl.3 | biens |
| Impersonal | bies |
Simple Future
| Sg.1 | bydhav |
| Sg.2 | bydhydh |
| Sg.3m | bydh |
| Sg.3f | bydh |
| Pl.1 | bydhyn |
| Pl.2 | bydhowgh |
| Pl.3 | bydhons |
| Impersonal | bydher |
Habitual imperfect
| Sg.1 | bedhen |
| Sg.2 | bedhes |
| Sg.3m | bedha |
| Sg.3f | bedha |
| Pl.1 | bedhen |
| Pl.2 | bedhewgh |
| Pl.3 | bedhens |
| Impersonal | bedhes |
Perfect
Subjunctive
Present
| Sg.1 | biv |
| Sg.2 | bi |
| Sg.3m | bo |
| Sg.3f | bo |
| Pl.1 | byn |
| Pl.2 | bowgh |
| Pl.3 | bons |
| Impersonal | ber |
Imperfect
| Sg.1 | ben |
| Sg.2 | bes |
| Sg.3m | be |
| Sg.3f | be |
| Pl.1 | ben |
| Pl.2 | bewgh |
| Pl.3 | bens |
| Impersonal | bes |
Imperative
| Sg.2 | bydh |
| Sg.3m | bedhes |
| Sg.3f | bedhes |
| Pl.1 | bedhen |
| Pl.2 | bedhewgh |
| Pl.3 | bedhens |
Translations
Etymology
1. Suppletive verb:
2. * Forms beginning with b- are from Proto-Brythonic *bod, from Proto-Celtic *butā (“being, existence”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”). Cognate with Breton bout, Irish bheith, Scottish Gaelic bhith, and Welsh bod.
3. * Forms such as ov /os /yw (etc.) can be compared to Welsh wyf /wyt /yw (etc.) and are ultimately from Proto-Celtic *esti rather than *butā. Their analogous forms beginning with es- can be compared to the Welsh forms beginning with yd-. See: Breton '
bout', Irish '
bheith', Scots Gaelic '
bhith', Welsh '
bod'.
Verbs referencing "bos"
Welsh
bod, Breton
bezañ.
Sample Sentences
-
My a veu own. (I was frightened.)
-
Nei via pris da rag an hern. (We would get a good price for the pilchards.)
-
Termyn aral hwei vedh moy. (Another time you will have more.)