work – English verb conjugation

English verb forms of work

Nominal Forms

Infinitive: to work up
Participle: worked up
Gerund: working up

Cognates

-

Indicative

Present

Iwork up
youwork up
he;she;itworks up
wework up
youwork up
theywork up

Perfect

Ihave worked up; wrought up
youhave worked up; wrought up
he;she;ithas worked up; wrought up
wehave worked up; wrought up
youhave worked up; wrought up
theyhave worked up; wrought up

Past

Iworked up
youworked up
he;she;itworked up
weworked up
youworked up
theyworked up

Pluperfect

Ihad worked up; wrought up
youhad worked up; wrought up
he;she;ithad worked up; wrought up
wehad worked up; wrought up
youhad worked up; wrought up
theyhad worked up; wrought up

Future

Iwill work up
youwill work up
he;she;itwill work up
wewill work up
youwill work up
theywill work up

Future Perfect

Iwill have worked up; wrought up
youwill have worked up; wrought up
he;she;itwill have worked up; wrought up
wewill have worked up; wrought up
youwill have worked up; wrought up
theywill have worked up; wrought up

Subjunctive

Present

Iwork up
youwork up
he;she;itwork up
wework up
youwork up
theywork up

Perfect

Ihave worked up; wrought up
youhave worked up; wrought up
he;she;ithave worked up; wrought up
wehave worked up; wrought up
youhave worked up; wrought up
theyhave worked up; wrought up

Imperfect

Iworked up
youworked up
he;she;itworked up
weworked up
youworked up
theyworked up

Pluperfect

Ihad worked up; wrought up
youhad worked up; wrought up
he;she;ithad worked up; wrought up
wehad worked up; wrought up
youhad worked up; wrought up
theyhad worked up; wrought up

Conditional

Present

Iwould work up
youwould work up
he;she;itwould work up
wewould work up
youwould work up
theywould work up

Perfect

Iwould have worked up; wrought up
youwould have worked up; wrought up
he;she;itwould have worked up; wrought up
wewould have worked up; wrought up
youwould have worked up; wrought up
theywould have worked up; wrought up

Imperative

youwork up
weLet's work up
youwork up

Progressive (Continuous) Forms

Indicative

Present

Iam working up
youare working up
he;she;itis working up
weare working up
youare working up
theyare working up

Perfect

Ihave been working up
youhave been working up
he;she;ithas been working up
wehave been working up
youhave been working up
theyhave been working up

Past

Iwas working up
youwere working up
he;she;itwas working up
wewere working up
youwere working up
theywere working up

Pluperfect

Ihad been working up
youhad been working up
he;she;ithad been working up
wehad been working up
youhad been working up
theyhad been working up

Future

Iwill be working up
youwill be working up
he;she;itwill be working up
wewill be working up
youwill be working up
theywill be working up

Future Perfect

Iwill have been working up
youwill have been working up
he;she;itwill have been working up
wewill have been working up
youwill have been working up
theywill have been working up

Conditional

Present

Iwould be working up
youwould be working up
he;she;itwould be working up
wewould be working up
youwould be working up
theywould be working up

Perfect

Iwould have been working up
youwould have been working up
he;she;itwould have been working up
wewould have been working up
youwould have been working up
theywould have been working up

Other

Verbs conjugated like 'work'

abandon, abduct, abear, aberr, abject, abord, abort, abound, abraid, abray, abrook, abscind, abscond, absist, absorb, abstain, abstract, accend, accent, accept, etc. (List truncated at 20 verbs)

Verbs similar to 'work'

bork, cork, fork, gork, hork, pork, wark, wok, word, worke,

Synonyms & Antonyms

Synonyms

labor
drudgery, grind, toil, exertion, moil
operate
run, manage, control, handle, drive, manipulate, use
accomplish
perform, produce, achieve, execute, effect, cause, do

Antonyms

transitive: to satisfy the needs or wishes of; to give free reign to
drive, push, indulge
to be idle
energize, leave, make a move, scraffle, scramble, take action, loiter
labor
ease, relaxation, unemployment, idleness
accomplish
fail, relinquish, nullify, defeat

Additional Information

Cf. Old English wyrcan.

Etymology

1. O.E. weorc, worc "something done, deed, action, proceeding, business, military fortification," from P.Gmc. *werkan (cf. O.S., O.Fris., Du. werk, O.N. verk, M.Du. warc, O.H.G. werah, Ger. Werk, Goth. gawaurki), from PIE base *werg- "to work" (see urge (v.)).
"Work is less boring than amusing oneself." [Baudelaire, "Mon Coeur mis a nu," 1862]
In O.E., the noun also had the sense of "fornication." Workhouse in the sense of "place where the poor or petty criminals are lodged" first appeared 1652. Works "industrial place" (usually with qualifying adj.) is attested from 1581. Work station is recorded from 1950.
2. Etymology tree
3. Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-
4. Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
5. Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ǵyéti
6. Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną
7. Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan
8. Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-
9. Proto-Indo-European *-om
10. Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom
11. Proto-Germanic *werką
12. Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
13. Proto-Germanic *-janą
14. Proto-Germanic *wirkijaną
15. Proto-West Germanic *wirkijan
16. Old English wyrċan
17. Middle English worchen
18. English work
19. From Middle English werken and worchen, from Old English wyrċan and wircan (Mercian), from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ǵyéti (“to be working, to be at work”), from the root *werǵ-. Cognate with Old Frisian werka, wirka, Old Saxon wirkian, Low German warken, Dutch werken, Old High German wurken (German wirken, werken and werkeln), Old Norse yrkja and orka, (Swedish yrka and orka), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (waurkjan). See: Proto-Germanic '*wurkijaną', Proto-Indo-European '*wr̥ǵyéti', Old Saxon 'wirkian', Low Saxon 'warken', Dutch 'werken', German, old spelling 'wirken', Swedish 'yrka'.

Verbs referencing "work"

Tok Pisin wok, Norwegian, nynorsk verka, Welsh gwneud, Latin organizo, Dari ورزیدن, Low Saxon warken, Luxembourgish wierken, Sranan wroko, Cimbrian börchan, Finnish with old forms wörkkiä.

Sample Sentences

  • [...] a dense conglomeration of passengers and passengers ’ friends and passengers ’ luggage, all jumbled together on the deck of a small steamboat, and panting and snorting off to the packet, which had worked out of dock yesterday afternoon and was now lying at her moorings in the river. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] again; the sun shining as on a brilliant April day in England; the land stretched out on either side, streaked with light patches of snow; white wooden houses; people at their doors; telegraphs working; flags hoisted; wharfs appearing; ships; quays crowded with people; distant noises; shouts; men and boys running down steep places towards the pier: all more bright and gay and fresh to our unused [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • This young man had been hired out by his master to work in a bagging factory, where his adroitness and ingenuity caused him to be considered the first hand in the place. He had invented a machine for the cleaning of the hemp, which, considering the [...] (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
  • [...] receive his earnings, or not. Those who prove unable to earn their own livelihood will not be retained; as it is not desirable to convert the establishment into an alms-house, or to retain any but working bees in the hive. Those who by physical or mental imbecility are disqualified from work, are thereby disqualified from being members of an industrious community; and they can be better provided for [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • Each ward in this institution is shaped like a long gallery or hall, with the dormitories of the patients opening from it on either hand. Here they work, read, play at skittles, and other games; and when the weather does not admit of their taking exercise out of doors, pass the day together. In one of these rooms, seated, calmly, and quite as a [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • In the labour department, every patient is as freely trusted with the tools of his trade as if he were a sane man. In the garden, and on the farm, they work with spades, rakes, and hoes. For amusement, they walk, run, fish, paint, read, and ride out to take the air in carriages provided for the purpose. They have among themselves a sewing society to [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] closes the catalogue. It is the House of Correction for the State, in which silence is strictly maintained, but where the prisoners have the comfort and mental relief of seeing each other, and of working together. This is the improved system of Prison Discipline which we have imported into England, and which has been in successful operation among us for some years past. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] like a wink, suddenly awakens all the slumbering echoes in the main street of a large town, and dashes on haphazard, pell-mell, neck-or-nothing, down the middle of the road. There—with mechanics working at their trades, and people leaning from their doors and windows, and boys flying kites and playing marbles, and men smoking, and women talking, and children crawling, and pigs burrowing, and [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] the roof, lest with one thoughtless stamp of his foot he should crush the structure beneath him, and bring it rattling down. The very river that moves the machinery in the mills (for they are all worked by water power ), seems to acquire a new character from the fresh buildings of bright red brick and painted wood among which it takes its course; and to be as light-headed, thoughtless, and brisk a [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • The rooms in which they worked, were as well ordered as themselves. In the windows of some, there were green plants, which were trained to shade the glass; in all, there was as much fresh air, cleanliness, and comfort, as the [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • But throughout five years of working here, I 've never been promoted at all. (Laundry Show)
  • This works. Stop fooling around ! I wasn't expecting a city inside the light. (My Hero Academia: You're Next)
  • For example, the triumphs of our proletariat. I 've never worked in a factory, (The Master and Margarita)
  • Just put an end to that shit. But that's not how it works, Martín. (The Truthers)
  • Okay. -[synthetic voice ] Warning... -Gotta keep pressure on it. I 'm working on it. (Runner)