close – English verb conjugation

English verb forms of close

Nominal Forms

Infinitive: to close sth out
Participle: closed sth out
Gerund: closing sth out

Cognates

See the 7 cognates of close

Indicative

Present

Iclose sth out
youclose sth out
he;she;itcloses sth out
weclose sth out
youclose sth out
theyclose sth out

Perfect

Ihave closed sth out
youhave closed sth out
he;she;ithas closed sth out
wehave closed sth out
youhave closed sth out
theyhave closed sth out

Past

Iclosed sth out
youclosed sth out
he;she;itclosed sth out
weclosed sth out
youclosed sth out
theyclosed sth out

Pluperfect

Ihad closed sth out
youhad closed sth out
he;she;ithad closed sth out
wehad closed sth out
youhad closed sth out
theyhad closed sth out

Future

Iwill close sth out
youwill close sth out
he;she;itwill close sth out
wewill close sth out
youwill close sth out
theywill close sth out

Future Perfect

Iwill have closed sth out
youwill have closed sth out
he;she;itwill have closed sth out
wewill have closed sth out
youwill have closed sth out
theywill have closed sth out

Subjunctive

Present

Iclose sth out
youclose sth out
he;she;itclose sth out
weclose sth out
youclose sth out
theyclose sth out

Perfect

Ihave closed sth out
youhave closed sth out
he;she;ithave closed sth out
wehave closed sth out
youhave closed sth out
theyhave closed sth out

Imperfect

Iclosed sth out
youclosed sth out
he;she;itclosed sth out
weclosed sth out
youclosed sth out
theyclosed sth out

Pluperfect

Ihad closed sth out
youhad closed sth out
he;she;ithad closed sth out
wehad closed sth out
youhad closed sth out
theyhad closed sth out

Conditional

Present

Iwould close sth out
youwould close sth out
he;she;itwould close sth out
wewould close sth out
youwould close sth out
theywould close sth out

Perfect

Iwould have closed sth out
youwould have closed sth out
he;she;itwould have closed sth out
wewould have closed sth out
youwould have closed sth out
theywould have closed sth out

Imperative

youclose sth out
weLet's close sth out
youclose sth out

Progressive (Continuous) Forms

Indicative

Present

Iam closing sth out
youare closing sth out
he;she;itis closing sth out
weare closing sth out
youare closing sth out
theyare closing sth out

Perfect

Ihave been closing sth out
youhave been closing sth out
he;she;ithas been closing sth out
wehave been closing sth out
youhave been closing sth out
theyhave been closing sth out

Past

Iwas closing sth out
youwere closing sth out
he;she;itwas closing sth out
wewere closing sth out
youwere closing sth out
theywere closing sth out

Pluperfect

Ihad been closing sth out
youhad been closing sth out
he;she;ithad been closing sth out
wehad been closing sth out
youhad been closing sth out
theyhad been closing sth out

Future

Iwill be closing sth out
youwill be closing sth out
he;she;itwill be closing sth out
wewill be closing sth out
youwill be closing sth out
theywill be closing sth out

Future Perfect

Iwill have been closing sth out
youwill have been closing sth out
he;she;itwill have been closing sth out
wewill have been closing sth out
youwill have been closing sth out
theywill have been closing sth out

Conditional

Present

Iwould be closing sth out
youwould be closing sth out
he;she;itwould be closing sth out
wewould be closing sth out
youwould be closing sth out
theywould be closing sth out

Perfect

Iwould have been closing sth out
youwould have been closing sth out
he;she;itwould have been closing sth out
wewould have been closing sth out
youwould have been closing sth out
theywould have been closing sth out

Other

Verbs similar to 'close'

alose, cloke, clome, clone, closen, closet, cose, eclose, lose, beclose,

Synonyms & Antonyms

Additional Information

Etymology

1. c.1205, "to shut, cover in," from O.Fr. clos- pp. stem of clore "shut," from L. clausus, pp. of claudere "to close, block up, put an end to, enclose, confine," from PIE base *klau- "hook, crooked or forked branch" (used as a bar or bolt in primitive structures); cf. L. clavis "key," clavus "nail," claustrum "bar, bolt, barrier," claustra "dam, wall, barricade, stronghold;" Gk. kleidos "bar, bolt, key," klobos "cage;" O.Ir. clo "nail;" O.C.S. kljucu "hook, key," kljuciti "shut;" Lith. kliuti "to catch, be caught on," kliaudziu "check, hinder," kliuvu "clasp, hang;" O.H.G. sliozan "shut," Ger. schließen "shut," Schüßel "key;" M.Ir. clithar "hedge, fence." Replaced O.E. beclysan.
2. From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudō (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείω (kleíō), κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Russian заключи́ть (zaključítʹ) (via ключ (ključ)), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause. See: Middle English 'clusen', Russian 'заключи́ть', German, old spelling 'schließen', Dutch 'sluiten'.

Verbs referencing "close"

Ido klozar.

Sample Sentences

  • [...] and capital contrivance possible; and that to have had it one inch larger, would have been quite a disagreeable and deplorable state of things. And with this; and with showing how,—by very nearly closing the door, and twining in and out like serpents, and by counting the little washing slab as standing-room,—we could manage to insinuate four people into it, all at one time; and entreating each other [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • “ I'd like to have been able to kick the fellow down the steps, ” said he to himself, as he saw the door fairly closed, “ with his impudent assurance; but he knows how much he has me at advantage. If anybody had ever said to me that I should sell Tom down south to one of those rascally traders, I should have said, ’ [...] (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
  • One other establishment closes the catalogue. It is the House of Correction for the State, in which silence is strictly maintained, but where the prisoners have the comfort and mental relief of seeing each other, and of working [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] the laying of the new pike. It was open for about an hour's ride, and after that it was cut across by various farms and fences. Sam knew this fact perfectly well,—indeed, the road had been so long closed up, that Andy had never heard of it. He therefore rode along with an air of dutiful submission, only groaning and vociferating occasionally that ’ t was “ desp’t rough, and bad for Jerry's foot. ” (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
  • [...] as though the fires within had all gone out. Some two or three are open, and women, with drooping heads bent down, are talking to the inmates. The whole is lighted by a skylight, but it is fast closed; and from the roof there dangle, limp and drooping, two useless windsails. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] a bedstead. Upon the latter, sits a man of sixty; reading. He looks up for a moment; gives an impatient dogged shake; and fixes his eyes upon his book again. As we withdraw our heads, the door closes on him, and is fastened as before. This man has murdered his wife, and will probably be hanged. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] upon their own resources in early life, and become preternaturally knowing in consequence. Every pig knows where he lives, much better than anybody could tell him. At this hour, just as evening is closing in, you will see them roaming towards bed by scores, eating their way to the last. Occasionally, some youth among them who has over-eaten himself, or has been worried by dogs, trots shrinkingly [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] out in Lapland; and before whose presence even Home grew dim, when they and I exchanged that painful word which mingles with our every thought and deed; which haunts our cradle-heads in infancy, and closes up the vista of our lives in age. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] confuses him. His broken heart may flutter for a moment, when he thinks of the world outside, and what it might have been to him in all those lonely years, but that is all. The cell-door has been closed too long on all its hopes and cares. Better to have hanged him in the beginning than bring him to this pass, and send him forth to mingle with his kind, who are his kind no more. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • The planter 's house was an airy, rustic dwelling, that brought Defoe 's description of such places strongly to my recollection. The day was very warm, but the blinds being all closed, and the windows and doors set wide open, a shady coolness rustled through the rooms, which was exquisitely refreshing after the glare and heat without. Before the windows was an open piazza, [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • Why do we have so many cats around here ? I don't know. Hey, guys, make sure you close the lids on the dumpsters. (Witchboard)
  • [ Linquist ] Believe what you want, but we 're closing the file. (Borderline)