close – English verb conjugation

English verb forms of close

Nominal Forms

Infinitive: to close sb out
Participle: closed sb out
Gerund: closing sb out

Cognates

See the 7 cognates of close

Indicative

Present

Iclose sb out
youclose sb out
he;she;itcloses sb out
weclose sb out
youclose sb out
theyclose sb out

Perfect

Ihave closed sb out
youhave closed sb out
he;she;ithas closed sb out
wehave closed sb out
youhave closed sb out
theyhave closed sb out

Past

Iclosed sb out
youclosed sb out
he;she;itclosed sb out
weclosed sb out
youclosed sb out
theyclosed sb out

Pluperfect

Ihad closed sb out
youhad closed sb out
he;she;ithad closed sb out
wehad closed sb out
youhad closed sb out
theyhad closed sb out

Future

Iwill close sb out
youwill close sb out
he;she;itwill close sb out
wewill close sb out
youwill close sb out
theywill close sb out

Future Perfect

Iwill have closed sb out
youwill have closed sb out
he;she;itwill have closed sb out
wewill have closed sb out
youwill have closed sb out
theywill have closed sb out

Subjunctive

Present

Iclose sb out
youclose sb out
he;she;itclose sb out
weclose sb out
youclose sb out
theyclose sb out

Perfect

Ihave closed sb out
youhave closed sb out
he;she;ithave closed sb out
wehave closed sb out
youhave closed sb out
theyhave closed sb out

Imperfect

Iclosed sb out
youclosed sb out
he;she;itclosed sb out
weclosed sb out
youclosed sb out
theyclosed sb out

Pluperfect

Ihad closed sb out
youhad closed sb out
he;she;ithad closed sb out
wehad closed sb out
youhad closed sb out
theyhad closed sb out

Conditional

Present

Iwould close sb out
youwould close sb out
he;she;itwould close sb out
wewould close sb out
youwould close sb out
theywould close sb out

Perfect

Iwould have closed sb out
youwould have closed sb out
he;she;itwould have closed sb out
wewould have closed sb out
youwould have closed sb out
theywould have closed sb out

Imperative

youclose sb out
weLet's close sb out
youclose sb out

Progressive (Continuous) Forms

Indicative

Present

Iam closing sb out
youare closing sb out
he;she;itis closing sb out
weare closing sb out
youare closing sb out
theyare closing sb out

Perfect

Ihave been closing sb out
youhave been closing sb out
he;she;ithas been closing sb out
wehave been closing sb out
youhave been closing sb out
theyhave been closing sb out

Past

Iwas closing sb out
youwere closing sb out
he;she;itwas closing sb out
wewere closing sb out
youwere closing sb out
theywere closing sb out

Pluperfect

Ihad been closing sb out
youhad been closing sb out
he;she;ithad been closing sb out
wehad been closing sb out
youhad been closing sb out
theyhad been closing sb out

Future

Iwill be closing sb out
youwill be closing sb out
he;she;itwill be closing sb out
wewill be closing sb out
youwill be closing sb out
theywill be closing sb out

Future Perfect

Iwill have been closing sb out
youwill have been closing sb out
he;she;itwill have been closing sb out
wewill have been closing sb out
youwill have been closing sb out
theywill have been closing sb out

Conditional

Present

Iwould be closing sb out
youwould be closing sb out
he;she;itwould be closing sb out
wewould be closing sb out
youwould be closing sb out
theywould be closing sb out

Perfect

Iwould have been closing sb out
youwould have been closing sb out
he;she;itwould have been closing sb out
wewould have been closing sb out
youwould have been closing sb out
theywould have been closing sb out

Other

Verbs similar to 'close'

alose, cloke, clome, clone, closen, closet, cose, eclose, lose, beclose,

Synonyms & Antonyms

Additional Information

Etymology

1. c.1205, "to shut, cover in," from O.Fr. clos- pp. stem of clore "shut," from L. clausus, pp. of claudere "to close, block up, put an end to, enclose, confine," from PIE base *klau- "hook, crooked or forked branch" (used as a bar or bolt in primitive structures); cf. L. clavis "key," clavus "nail," claustrum "bar, bolt, barrier," claustra "dam, wall, barricade, stronghold;" Gk. kleidos "bar, bolt, key," klobos "cage;" O.Ir. clo "nail;" O.C.S. kljucu "hook, key," kljuciti "shut;" Lith. kliuti "to catch, be caught on," kliaudziu "check, hinder," kliuvu "clasp, hang;" O.H.G. sliozan "shut," Ger. schließen "shut," Schüßel "key;" M.Ir. clithar "hedge, fence." Replaced O.E. beclysan.
2. From Middle English closen (“to close, enclose”), partly continuing (in altered form) earlier Middle English clusen (“to close”) from Old English clȳsan (“to close, shut”); compare beclose, foreclose, etc.), and partly derived from Middle English clos (“close, shut up, confined, secret”, adjective), from Old French clos (“close, confined”, adjective), from Latin clausus (“shut up”, past participle), from claudō (“to bar, block, close, enclose, bring an end to, confine”), from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂w- (“key, hook, nail”), related to Latin clāvis (“key, deadbolt, bar”), clāvus (“nail, peg”), claustrum (“bar, bolt, barrier”), claustra (“dam, wall, barricade, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείω (kleíō), κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Russian заключи́ть (zaključítʹ) (via ключ (ključ)), German schließen (“to close, conclude, lock”), Dutch sluiten (“to close, conclude, lock”). Partially replaced Old English lūcan (“to close, lock, enclose”), (whence English lock). Doublet of clause. See: Middle English 'clusen', Russian 'заключи́ть', German, old spelling 'schließen', Dutch 'sluiten'.

Verbs referencing "close"

Ido klozar.

Sample Sentences

  • [...] and capital contrivance possible; and that to have had it one inch larger, would have been quite a disagreeable and deplorable state of things. And with this; and with showing how,—by very nearly closing the door, and twining in and out like serpents, and by counting the little washing slab as standing-room,—we could manage to insinuate four people into it, all at one time; and entreating each other [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • “ I'd like to have been able to kick the fellow down the steps, ” said he to himself, as he saw the door fairly closed, “ with his impudent assurance; but he knows how much he has me at advantage. If anybody had ever said to me that I should sell Tom down south to one of those rascally traders, I should have said, ’ [...] (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
  • One other establishment closes the catalogue. It is the House of Correction for the State, in which silence is strictly maintained, but where the prisoners have the comfort and mental relief of seeing each other, and of working [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] the laying of the new pike. It was open for about an hour's ride, and after that it was cut across by various farms and fences. Sam knew this fact perfectly well,—indeed, the road had been so long closed up, that Andy had never heard of it. He therefore rode along with an air of dutiful submission, only groaning and vociferating occasionally that ’ t was “ desp’t rough, and bad for Jerry's foot. ” (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
  • [...] as though the fires within had all gone out. Some two or three are open, and women, with drooping heads bent down, are talking to the inmates. The whole is lighted by a skylight, but it is fast closed; and from the roof there dangle, limp and drooping, two useless windsails. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] a bedstead. Upon the latter, sits a man of sixty; reading. He looks up for a moment; gives an impatient dogged shake; and fixes his eyes upon his book again. As we withdraw our heads, the door closes on him, and is fastened as before. This man has murdered his wife, and will probably be hanged. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] upon their own resources in early life, and become preternaturally knowing in consequence. Every pig knows where he lives, much better than anybody could tell him. At this hour, just as evening is closing in, you will see them roaming towards bed by scores, eating their way to the last. Occasionally, some youth among them who has over-eaten himself, or has been worried by dogs, trots shrinkingly [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] out in Lapland; and before whose presence even Home grew dim, when they and I exchanged that painful word which mingles with our every thought and deed; which haunts our cradle-heads in infancy, and closes up the vista of our lives in age. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • [...] confuses him. His broken heart may flutter for a moment, when he thinks of the world outside, and what it might have been to him in all those lonely years, but that is all. The cell-door has been closed too long on all its hopes and cares. Better to have hanged him in the beginning than bring him to this pass, and send him forth to mingle with his kind, who are his kind no more. (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • The planter 's house was an airy, rustic dwelling, that brought Defoe 's description of such places strongly to my recollection. The day was very warm, but the blinds being all closed, and the windows and doors set wide open, a shady coolness rustled through the rooms, which was exquisitely refreshing after the glare and heat without. Before the windows was an open piazza, [...] (American Notes for General Circulation)
  • Why do we have so many cats around here ? I don't know. Hey, guys, make sure you close the lids on the dumpsters. (Witchboard)
  • [ Linquist ] Believe what you want, but we 're closing the file. (Borderline)