Adjective: español
Hyphenation: es‧pa‧ñol
| Singular m. | español |
| Singular f. | española |
| Plural m. | españoles |
| Plural f. | españolas |
Sample Sentences
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Por otro lado, una buena parte de la ineficacia institucional del modelo español de cooperación tiene que ver con un sistema ministerialmente descoordinado y fragmentado. [2021 March 10, Andrés Rodríguez Amayuelas, “Transformar para cooperar mejor, cooperar para transformar mejor”, in El País, archived from the original on 17 Mar 2021:]
Adjectives inflected like español
ionizador,
renovador,
depurador,
sensor,
polarizador,
definidor,
emulador,
crispador,
superconductor,
activador,
aglutinador,
sellador,
bebedor,
adormecedor,
perfeccionador,
selector,
ensoñador,
derivador,
socializador,
arriesgador, etc. (List truncated at 20 adjectives)
Etymology
1. Inherited from Old Spanish espanyol, espanhol, espannol. Probably a thirteenth-century borrowing from Old Occitan espaignol (compare modern Occitan espanhòl, Catalan espanyol, Portuguese espanhol, French espagnol), from Vulgar Latin *Hispaniolus (“of Spain”), from Latin Hispānus, back-formed from Hispānia, assumed in comparison to Hebrew שָׁפָן (šap̄ā́n) to reflect Punic *𐤀𐤉𐤔𐤐𐤍 (*ʾyšpn /*ʔī šap̄ān/, literally “coast of hyraxes”).
2. According to phonetic rules, if inherited from Latin, the Castilian Spanish result would have been *españuelo (though some argue that this did not take root because the suffix -uelo would be perceived as diminutive; more likely, it was simply because there was no need at the time for a common secular name for all the inhabitants of Christian Iberia/Spain, and a common identity as a unified people or entity had not yet been formed. Until then, the people used cristiano (“Christian”) to refer to themselves). The word español was supposedly imported from Provence by a medieval chronicler (it was originally introduced by pilgrims in Santiago) because there was no existing translation of the earlier Roman word Hispani when writing a chronicle of Spanish history, but this was the word Provençal speakers used to refer to the Christian kingdoms of what would later become Spain. In Old Spanish there was also a form españón which disappeared after the first half of the 14th century, possibly derived from a Vulgar Latin *Hispaniōnem. Compare also espanesco, the word Mozarabic speakers used for themselves, presumably from a Vulgar Latin *Hispaniscus. See: Catalan Adjectives '
espanyol', Portuguese Adjectives '
espanhol', French Adjectives '
espagnol', Latin Adjectives '
Hispānus'.
Verbs referencing "español"
Asturian Adjectives
español, Galician Adjectives
español, Catalan Adjectives
espanyol, Italian Adjectives
spagnolo, French Adjectives
espagnol.
Translations