kovati – Proto-Slavic verb conjugation

Proto-Slavic verb forms of kovati

Infinitive

kovati; kuti

Supine

kovatъ; kutъ

L-participle

kovalъ; kulъ

Verbal Noun

kovanьje; kutьje

Participles

Active

Pastkovavъ; kuvъ
Presentkovy; kuję

Passive

Pastkovanъ; kutъ
Presentkovomъ; kujemъ

Resultative

Aorist

1st sing.kovaxъ; kuxъ
2nd sing.kova; ku
3rd sing.kova; ku
1st dualkovaxově; kuxově
2nd dualkovasta; kusta
3rd dualkovaste; kuste
1st plur.kovaxomъ; kuxomъ
2nd plur.kovaste; kuste
3rd plur.kovašę; kušę

Imperfective

Perfective

Present

1st sing.kovǫ; kujǫ
2nd sing.koveši; kuješi
3rd sing.kovetь; kujetь
1st dualkovevě; kujevě
2nd dualkoveta; kujeta
3rd dualkovete; kujete
1st plur.kovemъ; kujemъ
2nd plur.kovete; kujete
3rd plur.kovǫtь; kujǫtь

Imperfect

1st sing.kovaaxъ; kověaxъ; kujaaxъ
2nd sing.kovaaše; kověaše; kujaaše
3rd sing.kovaaše; kověaše; kujaaše
1st dualkovaaxově; kověaxově; kujaaxově
2nd dualkovaašeta; kověašeta; kujaašeta
3rd dualkovaašete; kověašete; kujaašete
1st plur.kovaaxomъ; kověaxomъ; kujaaxomъ
2nd plur.kovaašete; kověašete; kujaašete
3rd plur.kovaaxǫ; kověaxǫ; kujaaxǫ

Imperative

2nd sing.kovi; kuji
3rd sing.kovi; kuji
1st dualkověvě; kujivě
2nd dualkověta; kujita
1st plur.kověmъ; kujimъ
2nd plur.kověte; kujite

Future

Verbs conjugated like kovati

kovati,

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kauˀ-, from Proto-Indo-European *kowh₂-, from the root *kewh₂-. Cognate with Lithuanian káuti (“to hew, to beat, to murder”), Latvian kaût (“to fight”), Latin cūdere (“to forge, to beat, to grind”), Old Norse hǫggva (“to hew, to beat”), Old High German houwan (“to hew, to beat”), Old Irish cuad (“to beat, to fight”). See: Old High German 'houwan'.

Verbs referencing "kovati"

Czech kovat, Serbo-Croatian kovati, Slovene kovati, Old Church Slavonic ковати, Serbo-Croatian ковати, Macedonian кова, Czech kout, Macedonian кове, Ukrainian кути.

Sample Sentences

Cognates

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