Etymology
1. Etymology tree
2. Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres
3. Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras
4. Sanskrit चतुर् (catúr)
5. Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng-
6. Sanskrit अङ्ग (áṅga)
7. Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (caturaṅga)bor.
8. Middle Persian 𐭰𐭠𐭲𐭫𐭠𐭭𐭢 (cʾtlʾng /čatrang/)
9. Classical Persian چَتْرَنگ (čatrang)bor.
10. Arabic شَطْرَنْج (šaṭranj)
11. Andalusian Arabic الشَطْرَنْج (aš-šaṭranj)bor.
12. Old Galician-Portuguese xedrez
13. Portuguese xadrez
14. Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese xedrez, borrowed from Andalusian Arabic الشَطْرَنْج (aš-šaṭranj), from Arabic شَطْرَنْج (šaṭranj), borrowed from Classical Persian چَتْرَنگ (čatrang), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭠𐭲𐭫𐭠𐭭𐭢 (cʾtlʾng /čatrang/, “chess”), borrowed from Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (caturaṅga, “comprising elephants, chariots, cavalry, and infantry”), from चतुर् (catúr, “four”) + अङ्ग (áṅga, “limb, member”), literally “four limbs; four members”.
15. Cognate with Galician xadrez, Asturian axedrez, Mirandese xadreç, Spanish ajedrez and Aragonese axedrez. See: Spanish Adjectives '
ajedrez'.