zars – Latvian noun declension

Noun: zars
Hyphenation:

Gender: Masculine Declension:

Singular

Nominative	zars
Accusative	zaru
Genitive	zara
Dative	zaram
Instrumental	zaru
Locative	zarā
Vocative	zar

Plural

Nominative	zari
Accusative	zarus
Genitive	zaru
Dative	zariem
Instrumental	zariem
Locative	zaros
Vocative	zari

Sample Sentences

ozola, bērza, palmas zars (oak, birch, palm branch)
priežu zari (pine branches)
zaļš egles zars (green spruce branch)
ziedošs ceriņa zars (flowering spray of lilac)
kupls zars (leafy, leaf-covered branch)
kaili zari (naked (i.e., leafless) branches)
aizdedzināt kadiķa zaru (to burn a juniper twig)
mest zarus ugunskurā (to throw branches in the fire)
putns uzmetas uz zara (a bird alighted on a branch)
lapas birst no koku zariem (leaves fall off tree branches)
izzāģēt kokiem sausos zarus (to cut a tree's dry branches off)
grābekļa, dakšu zari (rake, fork tines, prongs)
ķemmes zari (comb teeth)
izlauzt, ielikt grābeklim zaru (to break, to set a rake tine)
viens Daugavas zars (one branch of the Daugava (river))
Valdgales stacijā sliežu ceļš sadalās trijos zaros (at Valdagle station the train tracks split off in three branches)
protestanti dalījās trīs galvenajos zaros: luterāņos, kalvinistos un anglikāņos (the Protestants split into three major branches: Lutherans, Calvinists and Anglicans)
straumēnu radniecības koks bija liels, un visos apkārtējos pagastos iespiedās tā zari (the Straumens family tree was big, its branches pushed into all the surrounding parishes)

Nouns inflected like zars

gredzens, greznums, sniegs, salāts, sakars, diftongs, smaids, sonets, sivēns, dienests, piecnieks, skudrs, skvērs, skaits, pacients, vilciens, realizējums, skatiens, izskats, spoguļattēls, etc. (List truncated at 20 nouns)

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *žer-, *žar-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to beam, to shine, to glitter”), apparently from an older meaning “beam, branch” (compare *gʰer- (“to have protrusions”)) conserved in Latvian. Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal žarà, žãras (“branch, stem, trunk”), Old Prussian sari ([zari], “heat”), Old Church Slavonic заря (zarja), зоря (zorja, “dawn, dusk”), Russian заря́ (zarjá), зоря́ (zorjá), dialectal also “flower, grass, plant,” Bulgarian зора́ (zorá), заря́ (zarjá), Czech zaře, zoře, zora, Polish zorza, archaic zarza. See: Polish Nouns 'zorza'.