Etymology
1. O.E.
tellan "to reckon, calculate, consider, account," from P.Gmc.
*taljanan "to mention in order" (cf. O.S.
tellian, O.N.
telja, O.Fris.
tella "to count, tell," Du.
tellen "to count, reckon," O.S.
talon "to count, reckon," Dan.
tale "to speak," O.H.G.
zalon, Ger.
zählen "to count, reckon"), from base
*talo (see tale). Meaning "to narrate, relate" is from c.1000; that of "to make known by speech or writing, announce" is from c.1122. Sense of "to reveal or disclose" is from c.1400; that of "to act as an informer, to 'peach' " is recorded from 1901. Meaning "to order (someone to do something)" is from 1599. Original sense in teller and phrase to
tell time. For sense evolution, cf. Fr.
conter "to count,"
raconter "to recount;" It.
contare, Sp.
contar "to count, recount, narrate;" Ger.
zählen "to count,"
erzählen "to recount, narrate."
"I tolde hyme so, & euer he seyde nay." [Thomas Hoccleve, "The Regiment of Princes," c.1412]
Telling "having effect or force" is from 1852.
2. From Middle English tellen (“to count, tell”), from Old English tellan (“to count, tell”), from Proto-West Germanic *talljan, from Proto-Germanic *taljaną, *talzijaną (“to count, enumerate”), from Proto-Germanic *talą, *talō (“number, counting”), from Proto-Indo-European *dol- (“calculation, fraud”).
3. Cognate with Saterland Frisian tälle (“to say; tell”), West Frisian telle (“to count”), West Frisian fertelle (“to tell, narrate”), Dutch tellen (“to count”) and Dutch vertellen (“to tell”), Low German tellen (“to count”), German zählen, Faroese telja, Swedish tala (“to speak”). More at tale. See: Middle English '
tellen', Old English '
tellan', Proto-Germanic '
*taljaną', Frisian, Saterlandic 'tälle', Dutch '
tellen', Dutch '
vertellen', Low Saxon 'tellen', German, old spelling '
zählen', Faroese '
telja', Swedish '
tala'.
Verbs referencing "tell"
Hawai'i Creole English tell, Low Saxon tellen, Danish
tælle, Cimbrian zelan, Alemannic German
verzelle.