Nominal Forms
Infinitive: to strive
Participle: striven (E)
Gerund: striving
Cognates
-
Indicative
Present
| I | strive |
| you | strive |
| he;she;it | strives |
| we | strive |
| you | strive |
| they | strive |
Perfect
| I | have striven (E) |
| you | have striven (E) |
| he;she;it | has striven (E) |
| we | have striven (E) |
| you | have striven (E) |
| they | have striven (E) |
Past
| I | strove (E) |
| you | strove (E) |
| he;she;it | strove (E) |
| we | strove (E) |
| you | strove (E) |
| they | strove (E) |
Pluperfect
| I | had striven (E) |
| you | had striven (E) |
| he;she;it | had striven (E) |
| we | had striven (E) |
| you | had striven (E) |
| they | had striven (E) |
Future
| I | will strive |
| you | will strive |
| he;she;it | will strive |
| we | will strive |
| you | will strive |
| they | will strive |
Future Perfect
| I | will have striven (E) |
| you | will have striven (E) |
| he;she;it | will have striven (E) |
| we | will have striven (E) |
| you | will have striven (E) |
| they | will have striven (E) |
Subjunctive
Present
| I | strive |
| you | strive |
| he;she;it | strive |
| we | strive |
| you | strive |
| they | strive |
Perfect
| I | have striven (E) |
| you | have striven (E) |
| he;she;it | have striven (E) |
| we | have striven (E) |
| you | have striven (E) |
| they | have striven (E) |
Imperfect
| I | strove (E) |
| you | strove (E) |
| he;she;it | strove (E) |
| we | strove (E) |
| you | strove (E) |
| they | strove (E) |
Pluperfect
| I | had striven (E) |
| you | had striven (E) |
| he;she;it | had striven (E) |
| we | had striven (E) |
| you | had striven (E) |
| they | had striven (E) |
Conditional
Present
| I | would strive |
| you | would strive |
| he;she;it | would strive |
| we | would strive |
| you | would strive |
| they | would strive |
Perfect
| I | would have striven (E) |
| you | would have striven (E) |
| he;she;it | would have striven (E) |
| we | would have striven (E) |
| you | would have striven (E) |
| they | would have striven (E) |
Imperative
| you | strive |
| we | Let's strive |
| you | strive |
Verbs similar to 'strive'
scrive,
stive,
stride,
strike,
stripe,
arrive,
derive,
drive,
enrive,
outrive,
Additional Information
The regular form is used in American English
Phrasal Verbs
Etymology
1. c.1205 (implied in
striving), from O.Fr.
estriver "to quarrel, dispute," from
estrif, estrit "quarrel" (see strife). It became a strong verb (past tense
strove) by rhyming association with
drive, etc.
2. From Middle English striven (“to strive”), from Old French estriver (“to compete, quarrel”), from Frankish *strīban (“to exert, make an effort”) from Proto-Germanic *strībaną, or from Frankish *stribēn (“to strive”) from Proto-Germanic *stribāną.
3. As this verb is conjugated as if it were a strong verb (like drive, ride, and write), it is possible this word may instead be inherited from an unattested Old English *strīfan or *strifian, which would itself also be inherited from Proto-Germanic *strībaną. See: Middle English '
striven', Old French '
estriver', Proto-Germanic '
*strībaną', Proto-Germanic '
*stribāną', Proto-Germanic '
*strībaną'.
Sample Sentences
-
‘After this, the beads were all unheeded; the playthings which were offered to her were utterly disregarded; her playmates, for whom but a moment before she gladly left the stranger, now vainly strove to pull her from her mother; and though she yielded her usual instantaneous obedience to my signal to follow me, it was evidently with painful reluctance. She clung close to me, as if bewildered [...]
(American Notes for General Circulation)
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[...] cannon's mouth, if she were only quite sure that there the path lay. Her standard of right was so high, so all-embracing, so minute, and making so few concessions to human frailty, that, though she strove with heroic ardor to reach it, she never actually did so, and of course was burdened with a constant and often harassing sense of deficiency; — this gave a severe and somewhat gloomy cast to her [...]
(Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
-
[...] longing for another scene, to change the current of his thoughts. So they left the house and garden, with its little grave, and came back to New Orleans; and St. Clare walked the streets busily, and strove to fill up the chasm in his heart with hurry and bustle, and change of place; and people who saw him in the street, or met him at the cafe, knew of his loss only by the weed on his hat; for there he [...]
(Uncle Tom’s Cabin)
-
One evening, he was sitting, in utter dejection and prostration, by a few decaying brands, where his coarse supper was baking. He put a few bits of brushwood on the fire, and strove to raise the light, and then drew his worn Bible from his pocket. There were all the marked passages, which had thrilled his soul so often,—words of patriarchs and seers, poets and sages, who from [...]
(Uncle Tom’s Cabin)