Etymology
1. c.1225 (implied in
painting "result of applying paint"), from O.Fr.
peinter, from
peint, pp. of
peindre "to paint," from L.
pingere "to paint," from PIE base
*pik-/*pig- "cut." Sense evolution between PIE and L. was, presumably, from "decorate with cut marks" to "decorate" to "decorate with color." Cf. Skt.
pingah "reddish,"
pesalah "adorned, decorated, lovely,"
pimsati "cuts, carves, adorns;" O.C.S.
pegu "variegated;" Gk.
poikilos "variegated;" O.H.G.
fehjan "to adorn;" O.C.S.
pisati, Lith.
piesiu "to write." The noun is from 1602. The verb meaning "to color with paint" (c.1250) is earlier than the artistic sense of "to make a picture of" (c.1290) and older than
painting in the sense of "an artist's picture in paint" (c.1388); but
painter is older in the sense of "artist who paints pictures" (1340) than in the sense of "workman who colors surfaces with paint" (c.1400); from O.Fr.
peintour, from L.
pictor, from
pingere. As a surname, it is attested from 1240, but impossible to say which sense is meant. To
paint the town (red) "go on a spree" first recorded 1884; to
paint (someone or something) black "represent it as wicked or evil" is from 1596. Adj.
paint-by-numbers "simple" is attested by 1970.
2. Etymology tree
3. Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ-
4. Proto-Indo-European *-né-
5. Proto-Indo-European *-ti
6. Proto-Indo-European *pinéḱti
7. Proto-Italic *pingō
8. Latin pingō
9. Proto-Indo-European *-tós
10. Proto-Italic *-tos
11. Latin -tus
12. Latin pictus
13. Vulgar Latin *pinctus
14. French peint
15. Proto-Italic *-āzi
16. ▲
17. Latin -ereinflu.
18. Latin -āre
19. Old French -ier
20. Old French peintierder.
21. Middle English peynten
22. English paint
23. From Middle English peynten, from Old French peintier, paincter, itself from paint, the past participle of paindre, from Latin pingō (“to paint”) (perfect passive participle pictus). Displaced native Old English tēafor (“paint”), *tīefran (“to paint”); and Old English mētan (“to paint”) and mǣlan (“to paint, mark with colour”). See: Old French '
peintier', Latin '
pingō'.
Verbs referencing "paint"
Zulu
penda, Esperanto
pentri.