Nominal Forms
Infinitive
šikastán
Participles
| Past | šikastá |
| Present | šikanindá |
Indicative
گذشته ساده
| 1st sing. | شکستم |
| 2nd sing. | شکستی |
| 3rd sing. | شکست |
| 1st plur. | شکستیم |
| 2nd plur. | شکستید |
| 3rd plur. | شکستند |
حال ساده
| 1st sing. | شکنم |
| 2nd sing. | شکنی |
| 3rd sing. | شکند |
| 1st plur. | شکنیم |
| 2nd plur. | شکنید |
| 3rd plur. | شکنند |
گذشته استمراری
| 1st sing. | می‌شکستم |
| 2nd sing. | می‌شکستی |
| 3rd sing. | می‌شکست |
| 1st plur. | می‌شکستیم |
| 2nd plur. | می‌شکستید |
| 3rd plur. | می‌شکستند |
حال استمراری
| 1st sing. | می‌شکنم |
| 2nd sing. | می‌شکنی |
| 3rd sing. | می‌شکند |
| 1st plur. | می‌شکنیم |
| 2nd plur. | می‌شکنید |
| 3rd plur. | می‌شکنند |
گذشته مستمر
| 1st sing. | در حال شکستن بودم |
| 2nd sing. | در حال شکستن بودی |
| 3rd sing. | در حال شکستن بود |
| 1st plur. | در حال شکستن بودیم |
| 2nd plur. | در حال شکستن بودید |
| 3rd plur. | در حال شکستن بودند |
حال مستمر
| 1st sing. | در حال شکستن استم |
| 2nd sing. | در حال شکستن استی |
| 3rd sing. | در حال شکستن است |
| 1st plur. | در حال شکستن استیم |
| 2nd plur. | در حال شکستن استید |
| 3rd plur. | در حال شکستن استند |
حال کامل
| 1st sing. | شکسته‌ام |
| 2nd sing. | شکسته‌ای |
| 3rd sing. | شکسته‌است |
| 1st plur. | شکسته‌ایم |
| 2nd plur. | شکسته‌اید |
| 3rd plur. | شکسته‌اند |
گذشته کامل
| 1st sing. | شکسته بودم |
| 2nd sing. | شکسته بودی |
| 3rd sing. | شکسته بود |
| 1st plur. | شکسته بودیم |
| 2nd plur. | شکسته بودید |
| 3rd plur. | شکسته بودند |
آینده
| 1st sing. | خواهم شکست |
| 2nd sing. | خواهی شکست |
| 3rd sing. | خواهد شکست |
| 1st plur. | خواهیم شکست |
| 2nd plur. | خواهید شکست |
| 3rd plur. | خواهند شکست |
Indicative
Past
| 1st sing. | šikastam |
| 2nd sing. | šikastī |
| 3rd sing. | šikast |
| 1st plur. | šikastēm |
| 2nd plur. | šikastēd |
| 3rd plur. | šikastand |
Aorist
| 1st sing. | šikanam |
| 2nd sing. | šikanī |
| 3rd sing. | šikanad |
| 1st plur. | šikanēm |
| 2nd plur. | šikanēd |
| 3rd plur. | šikanand |
Past Imperfect
| 1st sing. | mḗ-šikastam |
| 2nd sing. | mḗ-šikastī |
| 3rd sing. | mḗ-šikast |
| 1st plur. | mḗ-šikastēm |
| 2nd plur. | mḗ-šikastēd |
| 3rd plur. | mḗ-šikastand |
Present Imperfect
| 1st sing. | mḗ-šikanam |
| 2nd sing. | mḗ-šikanī |
| 3rd sing. | mḗ-šikanad |
| 1st plur. | mḗ-šikanēm |
| 2nd plur. | mḗ-šikanēd |
| 3rd plur. | mḗ-šikanand |
Past Progressive
| 1st sing. | dar hāl-i šikastan būdam |
| 2nd sing. | dar hāl-i šikastan būdī |
| 3rd sing. | dar hāl-i šikastan būd |
| 1st plur. | dar hāl-i šikastan būdēm |
| 2nd plur. | dar hāl-i šikastan būdēd |
| 3rd plur. | dar hāl-i šikastan būdand |
Present Progressive
| 1st sing. | dar hāl-i šikastan astam |
| 2nd sing. | dar hāl-i šikastan astī |
| 3rd sing. | dar hāl-i šikastan ast |
| 1st plur. | dar hāl-i šikastan astēm |
| 2nd plur. | dar hāl-i šikastan astēd |
| 3rd plur. | dar hāl-i šikastan astand |
Present Perfect
| 1st sing. | šikastá-am |
| 2nd sing. | šikastá-ī |
| 3rd sing. | šikastá ast |
| 1st plur. | šikastá-ēn |
| 2nd plur. | šikastá-ēd |
| 3rd plur. | šikastá-and |
Pluperfect
| 1st sing. | šikastá bū́dam |
| 2nd sing. | šikastá bū́dī |
| 3rd sing. | šikastá būd |
| 1st plur. | šikastá bū́dēm |
| 2nd plur. | šikastá bū́dēd |
| 3rd plur. | šikastá bū́dand |
Future
| 1st sing. | xāhám šikast |
| 2nd sing. | xāhī́ šikast |
| 3rd sing. | xāhád šikast |
| 1st plur. | xāhḗm šikast |
| 2nd plur. | xāhḗd šikast |
| 3rd plur. | xāhánd šikast |
Subjunctive
گذشته التزامی
| 1st sing. | شکسته باشم |
| 2nd sing. | شکسته باشی |
| 3rd sing. | شکسته باشد |
| 1st plur. | شکسته باشیم |
| 2nd plur. | شکسته باشید |
| 3rd plur. | شکسته باشند |
حال التزامی
| 1st sing. | بشکنم |
| 2nd sing. | بشکنی |
| 3rd sing. | بشکند |
| 1st plur. | بشکنیم |
| 2nd plur. | بشکنید |
| 3rd plur. | بشکنند |
Subjunctive
Past
| 1st sing. | šikastá bā́šam |
| 2nd sing. | šikastá bā́šī |
| 3rd sing. | šikastá bā́šad |
| 1st plur. | šikastá bā́šēm |
| 2nd plur. | šikastá bā́šēd |
| 3rd plur. | šikastá bā́šand |
Present
| 1st sing. | bíšikanam |
| 2nd sing. | bíšikanī |
| 3rd sing. | bíšikanad |
| 1st plur. | bíšikanēm |
| 2nd plur. | bíšikanēd |
| 3rd plur. | bíšikanand |
دستوری
| Singular | بشکن |
| Plural | بشکنید |
Imperative
| Singular | bíšikan |
| Plural | bíšikanēd |
Verbs conjugated like شکستن
شکستن,
Translations
break, intransitive: to separate into (to end up in) two or more pieces
break, transitive: to separate into (to cause to end up in) two or more pieces
break, transitive: to do that which is forbidden by (something)
Etymology
1. Etymology tree
2. Proto-Indo-European *(s)ke(n)dh₂
3. Proto-Indo-European *sek-?
4. Proto-Indo-European *-éyti
5. Proto-Indo-European *skey-
6. Proto-Indo-European *skeyd-
7. Proto-Iranian *sčand-
8. Middle Persian škstn' (škastan)
9. Persian شکستن
10. From Middle Persian škstn' (škastan, “to break”), from Proto-Iranian *sčand / *skand- (“to break, cleave”), from a blend of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ke(n)dh₂ (“to shatter, scatter”) (whence Ancient Greek σκίδνημι (skídnēmi, “I scatter, strew”)) and Proto-Indo-European *skeyd- (“to split, tear”).
Sample Sentences
Cognates
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